校際選修

115-1 選課時程

進行中

  • 初選第一階段 6/15/2026
  • 初選第二階段 6/22/2026
  • 校際選修 8/24/2026
  • 初選第三階段 8/31/2026
  • 開學後加退選 9/7/2026
  • 逾期加退選 9/21/2026
選課資源

國際政治經濟學

International Political Economy

學期
108-1
學分
3 學分
當期課號
5932
永久課號
MBA5247
開課單位
企業管理碩士學位學程
授課教師
張其鈞
校區
光復
類別
選修
上課時間表
週四
A
18:30–19:20
國際政治經濟學
M116
3 節連堂
B
19:30–20:20
C
20:30–21:20

* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列

概述

The political events of 2016 have been characterized as a backlash to globalization. The Economist even wrote an article asserting that, “To be relevant, economists need to take politics into account”(January 12, 2017). The field of international political economy explores the domestic and international political consequences of global economic exchanges and, in turn, how domestic and international politics shape the conditions of trade and finance. In this course, we will cover two broad topics in International Political Economy (IPE): 1) Trade in Products ■ The historical evolution of international trade ■ The economic and political rationale for trade policy (tariffs, quotas, trade agreements, international trade regimes) ■ The distributional effects of trade, both within and between countries: who wins, who loses ■ How political institutions and trade affect each other 2) Trade in factors ■ Labor: International Migration and Remittances ■ Capital: International finance (exchange rates, cross-border investment, central bank policy) We will also utilize the theoretical tools that analyze these topics to understand crises of the international economy (the Great Depression of the interwar years, the financial crisis of 2007-2009, and the ongoing crises of the Euro and of European sovereign debt), as well as the more recent backlash against globalization in the United States and in Europe. As the name implies, IPE combines elements of international economics with an analysis of politics, both international and domestic. Why, in some periods, do most countries practice free trade (the half-century before World War I and the almost quarter-century since the collapse of Communism), but at other times wall off international markets (the 1930s, the Soviet bloc, and many developing countries after World War II)? Why was international migration almost totally unrestricted between 1850 and 1914 but beginning in the 1920s strongly restricted (the U.S. and Europe tightened immigration, the Soviet bloc forbade emigration), and now again a salient issue? How and when do the leading countries of the world agree on a basic framework for international trade and finance (today’s IMF and WTO), and what happens when they fail to agree? What causes the periodic catastrophic financial crises, such as the crash of 1929-31 and the one of 2007-09? As we’ll see, causation runs both ways: the international economy affects, and is affected by, domestic and international politics. In the most extreme example, the collapse of the world economy in the 1930s led to World War II. But we’ll also see that U.S. Populism, European Socialism, and Latin American protectionism (to name only a few) make more sense in the context of the international economic changes of their time. We’ll also see that the international economy and domestic politics are often profoundly affected by technology – by revolutions in transportation and communication, be they railroads, steamships, cargo containers, or the Internet. ■ This course requires some basic knowledge of international economics, which you can get from the Helpman book (see below), the Grieco-Ikenberry book (see below), or another equivalent textbook. I’ll supplement that coverage with material in lecture and class discussion. Another good on-line economics reference is the Core Econ project: http://www.core-econ.org/. The site is organized as an eBook that aims to make cutting-edge research in economics accessible to students and is available for free.

先修科目

This course requires some basic knowledge of international economics, which you can get from the Helpman book (see below), the Grieco-Ikenberry book (see below), or another equivalent textbook. I’ll supplement that coverage with material in lecture and class discussion. Another good on-line economics reference is the Core Econ project: http://www.core-econ.org/. The site is organized as an eBook that aims to make cutting-edge research in economics accessible to students and is available for free.

評分方式

Grading in the course will depend on: a mid-term and a final examination; preparation for, and attendance and participation in, lectures; performance on section quizzes (five will be administered, only the four best scores will be counted); and a comprehensive final exam. • Mid-term examination: 20 % • Attendance and participation 15 % • Quizzes (5 during the term) 25 % • Comprehensive final examination 45 %

週次計畫
週次主題
第 1 週What is IPE, and why and how should we study it? • Helpman, Chapter 1: Introduction. • Frieden, Prologue. • Grieco and Ikenberry (hereafter: G-I), ch. 1 Why, and what, do countries trade? Does trade make all countries better off? Ricardo and the Theory of Comparative Advantage • Helpman, Chapter 2: Comparative Advantage • Helpman, Ethanan, “The Structure of Foreign Trade,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13.2, 1999: 121-144 • Frieden, Chapters 1-2: The Gold Standard and the Golden Age (pay attention to which groups support free trade and why) • Mandelbaum, Michael, “Trump and the All-American Trade Debate,”Project Syndicate, March 9, 2018 • Ricardo and Comparative Advantage at 200: https://voxeu.org/article/ricardo-and-comparative-advatange-200 • If you have never encountered production possibility frontiers, opportunity costs, or indifference curves (to be discussed in lecture), you may find either of the following helpful: https://www.khanacademy.org/economicsfinance-domain/microeconomics/choices-opp-cost-tutorial Core Econ, chapters 3, 7, 8 Questions to Consider: • Why do countries trade? • What is the purpose of protecting against trade?
第 2 週Distributional implications of free trade: scarce vs. abundant factors The Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem and Stolper-Samuelson Theorems • Helpman, Chapter 3: Gainers and Losers • Frieden, Chapter 3: Success Stories of the Golden Age • Rogowski, “Political Cleavages and Changing Exposure to Trade,”American Political Science Review, December 1987 • Blonigen, Bruce, “Revisiting the Evidence on Trade Policy Preferences,”Journal of International Economics 85.1 (2011): 129-135. • Ina Jäkel and Marcel Smolka, “Individual Attitudes Towards Trade Stolper-Samuelson Revisited,” Open Economies Review 24 (2013): 731-761, posted on course web page (gloss over the econometric specifications, focus on results reported in text and graphs). • Optional: Anna Maria Mayda & Dani Rodrik, “Why Are Some People (and Countries) More Protectionist Than Others?” European Economic Review 49 (2005) 1393–1430, posted on course web page. • Optional: Core Econ, Chapter 16: The Nation in the World Economy Questions to Consider: • Who wins and who loses from trade? Why did the Ricardo model imply that nobody lost from trade? • How can one measure empirically the trade preferences of individuals?
第 3 週Economies of Scale and Intra-Industry Trade Intra-Industry Heterogeneity • Helpman, Chapter 5: Across Firms Within Industries • Madeira, Mary Anne. “The politics of the new trade: the political economy of intraindustry trade.” Handbook of International Political Economy of Trade (2014): 113-134. • Blanchard, Emily, Brown, and Johnson, “Global Value Chains and Trade Policy”, 2017. • Acemoglu and Robinson, “Inefficient Redistribution,” American Political Science Review, September 2001: 649–661. Posted on course web page. Questions to Consider: • What gives rise to intra-industry trade? • Is it present in many sectors, or only a few? • How does horizontal intra-industry trade differ from vertical intra-industry trade? Intra-industry heterogeneity and Trade Preferences Required readings: • Kim, “Political Cleavages within Industry: Firm level lobbying for trade liberalization,” American Political Science Review (2017) 1-20. International Political Economy Suggested Syllabus • Osgood, Iain, The Breakdown of Industrial Opposition to Trade: Firms, Product Variety, and Reciprocal Liberalization,” World Politics 69, no. 1 (2017): 184-231. Optional: • Bernard, Andrew, Jenson, Redding, and Schott: “Firms in International Trade”, Journal of Economic Perspectives 21.3 (2007): 105-130 • Osgood, Iain, “Differentiated Products, Divided Industries: Firm Preferences Over Trade Liberalization,” Economics & Politics 28.2 (2016): 161-180. Questions to consider - How does inter-firm heterogeneity change our predictions about trade preferences. - How important are large firms in international trade?
第 4 週International Trade and Inequality Within Countries Required readings: • G-I, pp. 248-258 • Helpman, review Section 5.3: “Unemployment and Inequality” • Milanovic, Branko, and Lyn Squire, “Does Tariff Liberalization Increase Wage Inequality? Some Empirical Evidence,” No. w11046. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005. • Frankel, Jeffery. “Does Trade Fuel Inequality?” Project Syndicate, January 2, 2018. • Frieden, Chapters 18-19: Countries catching up and falling behind • Core Econ, Chapter 19: Economic Inequality • Optional: Michalopoulos, Stelios, Alireza Naghavi, and Giovanni Prarolo. “Islam, Inequality and Pre-Industrial Comparative Development.” NBER Working Paper 21506 (2015). Posted on web page (read the first two chapters only). Optional Readings: • NPR “Planet Money” podcast on regulatory capture and inequality, March 9, 2018 • Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou, and Nina Pavcnik, “Distributional Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries,” Journal of Economic Literature 45.1 (2007):39-82. • Williamson, Jeffery, Trade and Poverty (MIT Press 2001), chs. 1, 9, 14. Questions to consider: • Does the correlation between increased trade openness and increased inequality within countries imply that trade causes inequality? • How do industries use regulation to “rig” the economy in their favor?
第 5 週How Domestic Institutions Affect Trade Required readings: • Henisz and Mansfield, “Votes and Vetoes: The Political Determinants of Commercial Openness,” International Studies Quarterly 50.1 (2006): 189-211. • Jansen, Marion, and Hildegunn Kyvik Nordas, “Institutions, trade policy, and trade flows,” (2004) • Nunn, Nathan, “Relationship-specificity, incomplete contracts, and the pattern of trade,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2007): 569-600 (focus on the theoretical argument) Optional Readings: • Lopez-Cordova, J. Ernesto, and Christopher Meissner, “The Impact of International Trade on Democracy: A Long-Run Perspective”, World Politics 60, no. 4 (2008: 539-575 • Puga and Trefler, “International Trade and Institutional Change: Medieval Venice’s Response to Globalization”, Quarter Journal of Economics 129, no. 2 (2014): 753-821 Questions to consider: • How do domestic institutions affect trade flows? • Are the institutions independent or endogenous? • Is contract enforcement an important determinant of comparative advantage?
第 6 週International Institutions and Trade Questions to consider: • Why do countries enter into preferential trade agreements? • What is the role of the WTO (and the GATT before it) in regulating international trade? • Is the WTO becoming obsolete? What would happen if the U.S. under Trump decided to leave the WTO? Required readings: • G-I, ch. 9 • Rose, Andrew K., “Do we really know that the WTO increases trade?” American Economic Review 94.1 (2004) • Tomz, Goldstein, and Rivers, “Do we really know that the WTO increases trade? Comment.” American Economic Review 97.5 (2007): 2005-2018 • Jones, Emily, “The WTO’s Reform Crisis,” Project Syndicate, October 23, 2014. • Bown, Chad, “President Trump’s Solar and Washer Tariffs May Have Now Opened the Floodgates of Protectionism,” Washington Post | Monkey Cage, January 23, 2018 • Bown, Chad, “Trump has announced massive aluminum and steel tariff. Here are 5 things you need to know,” Washington Post | Monkey Cage, March 1, 2018. International Political Economy Suggested Syllabus • Browse WTO homepage (http://www.wto.org/index.htm); look especially at the tab Trade Topics/Dispute Resolution for some up-to-date cases, including the 2012 complaint by Japan, the EU, and the USA against China regarding export of rare earths (D431-D433), and disputes between the EU/Ukraine (DS485, DS494, DS499): https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/dispu_status_e.htm. Optional Readings: • Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) backgrounder on the WTO: http://www.cfr.org/international-organizations-and alliances/world-trade-organizationwto/p9386 • Mansfield, Milner, and Rosendorff, “Why Democracies Cooperate More: Electoral Control and International Trade Agreements,” International Organization 56.3 (2002): 477-513. • Carnegie, Allison. “States Held Hostage: Political Hold-Up Problems and the Effects of International Institutions.” American Political Science Review 108, no. 1 (2014): 54-70. • Historically interesting is the successful complaint against the Bush administration’s attempt at steel tariffs: http://ww.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds248_e.htm and http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/mar/22/usa.eu
第 7 週International Migration Questions to consider: • Is migration just another form of trade? • Why and when do countries encourage or restrict it? • What role do remittances play in the countries that receive them? Required Readings: • Krugman and Obstfeld, International Economics, 7th ed., 2006, pp. 149-154, “International Labor Mobility,” posted on course web page. To be accessed by course participants only. • Review Frieden, pp. 50-54. • Acevedo, Jesse, “What Will Happen to El Salvador when the U.S. ends the protected status of Salvadoran immigrants?” Washington Post | Monkey Cage, February 22, 2018 • Peters, Margaret E. “Open trade, Closed Borders: Immigration in the era of Globalization.” World Politics 67, no. 1 (2015): 114-154. Posted on the course web page.
第 8 週Retrospective overview of trade in goods, services, and labor Review for mid-term examination - Review Frieden, Global Capitalism, Prologue, Chapters 1-3 - Review Helpman, Ethanan, “The Structure of Foreign Trade,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13.2, 1999: 121-144 (Excellent overview of trade models discussed in the first 4 weeks. Also assigned for Week 1.)
第 9 週In-class midterm examination
第 10 週Currencies, Exchange Rates, and Monetary Policy Required readings: - G-I, pp. 57-75. - Frieden, Currency Politics: The Political Economy of Exchange-Rate Policy (Princeton 2015), Introduction - Khan Academy lessons on foreign exchange and trade: https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain/core-finance/money-andbanking/currency-tutorial/v/currency-effect-on-trade - Core Econ, Chapter 14: Inflation and Monetary Policy Questions to Consider: • What affects an individual’s or firm’s exchange rate preferences? • How do exchange rates affect international trade flows? • What groups opposed the early 20th-century gold standard and why?
第 11 週The Great Depression, Competitive Devaluations, and Trade Wars Questions to Consider: What changes an individual’s exchange rate preferences? How do currency wars occur, both in the interwar years and today? Required readings: • Frieden, Chapters 6, 8-10 (again, pay attention to the groups that are winning/losing from trade and the international economic order) • Barry Eichengreen, Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919-1939 (Oxford UP, 1992), chapter 1. • Estevadeordal, Antoni, Brian Frantz, and Alan M. Taylor. “The Rise and Fall of World Trade, 1870–1939.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 118, no. 2 (2003): 359–407.Posted on course web page. • Wolf and Yousef. “Breaking the Fetters: “Why did countries exit the interwar gold standard?” in The New Competitive Economic History: Essays in Honor of Jeffrey G. Williamson, Hatton et al. eds. (MIT Press 2007), Pp. 241-265 • Optional: Mitchener, Kris James, and Marc D. Weidenmeir. “Was the Classical Gold Standard Credible on the Periphery? Evidence from Currency Risk.” The Journal of Economic History 75 (2015): 479-511.
第 12 週The Bretton Woods System and the rise of today’s free-trade regime Questions to Consider: • How did the Bretton Woods Regime work? • Why did the international community support the creation of the Bretton Woods regime? • What is meant by “embedded liberalism”? Required Readings: • G-I, chapters 4-5 • Frieden, Global Capitalism, chapters 11-12 • Bordo, Michael, “The Operation and Demise of the Bretton Woods System: 1958-1971,”Voxeu.org, April 23, 2017 Optional Readings • Ruggie, John Gerard, “International Regimes, Transactions, and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order,” International organization 36.2 (1982): 3790415. • CFR background on the IMF Optional: • On IMF: Simmons, Beth A. “International Law and State Behavior: Commitment and Compliance in International Monetary Affairs,” American Political Science Review 94, no.4 (2000): 819-835.
第 13 週The Collapse of Bretton Woods; the rise of floating exchange rates Questions to Consider: • What were the crucial pre-requisites of the Bretton Woods regime? • How did these break down? To what extent was U.S. policy to blame? • How, despite fears at the time, did international trade continue to expand? Required readings: • Frieden, Chapter 15: The End of Bretton Woods • Barry Eichengreen, “Global Imbalances and the Lessons of Bretton Woods,” Economie Internationale 4(100), 2004, pp. 39-50.
第 14 週Capital Mobility and the Trilemma Questions to Consider: • Why can a country not have an independent monetary policy if it has capital mobility and a fixed exchange rate? • Why, under a floating exchange rate, is fiscal policy usually ineffective? • Why have central banks become so powerful under floating exchange rates? Required readings: • G-I, pp. 258-287 • Frieden, Chapters 16-17: Post-Bretton Woods globalization • Gregory Mankiw, “The trilemma of international finance,” The New York Times, 11 July 2010. http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/mankiw/files/trilemma.pdf Dani Rodrik, “The False Promise of Financial Liberalization”, Project Syndicate, January 10, 2017. Optional Readings: Obstfeld, Maurice, Jay C. Shambaugh, and Alan M. Taylor. “The trilemma in history: tradeoffs among exchange rates, monetary policies, and capital mobility.” Review of Economics and Statistics 87, no. 3 (2005): 423-438. Posted on course web page. Yu Yongding, “China’s Trilemma”, Project Syndicate, June 13, 2014. Pepinsky, “Capital Mobility and Coalitional Politics: Authoritarian Regimes and Economic Adjustment in Southeast Asia,” World Politics 60, no. 3 (2008): 438-474.
第 15 週The Financial Crash of 2007-08: a new global crisis Required readings: • The Economist’s introduction to Minsky’s theory of financial busts • “The Origins of the Financial Crisis: Crash Course,” The Economist, 7 September 2013 (posted on course web page: to be accessed by enrolled participants only). • Alan Blinder, After the Music Stopped: The Financial Crisis, the Response, and the Work Ahead, 2013, Chapter 1 • Monetary Policy After the Crash: Controlling Interest,” The Economist, 21 September 2013 • Stimulus vs. Austerity: Sovereign Doubts,” The Economist, 28 September 2013 • The Economist’s primer on Keynesianism Optional readings: Roger Lowenstein, “Triple-A Failure,” New York Times Magazine, 27 April 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/magazine/27Credit-t.html Stephen Laraton, “Agency’s ’04 Rule Let Banks Pile Up New Debt,” New York Times, 3 October 2008: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/03/business/03sec.html Rupert Neate, “Ratings Agencies Suffer 'Conflict of Interest', says former Moody's boss,” The Guardian, 22 August 2011: http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/aug/22/ratings-agenciesconflict-of-interest Binyamin Appelbaum, “Days Before Housing Bust, Fed Doubted Need to Act,” New York Times, 18 January 2013: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/19/business/economy/fedtranscripts-open-a-window-on-2007-crisis.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Mian, Atif, Amir Sufi, and Francesco Trebbi. “The Political Economy of the US Mortgage Default Crisis.” The American Economic Review (2010): 1967-1998. Posted on course web page.
第 16 週The European Sovereign Debt Crisis and “Brexit” Required readings: • Blyth, Austerity: History of a Dangerous Idea, chap. 1 (available on course web site; to be accessed only by those enrolled in the course) • Good summaries of the crisis are available from the New York Times: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/e/european_sovereign_debt_crisis/index.html • Michael Boskin, “A Tale of Two Currency Areas,” Project Syndicate, January 24, 2011 • Ballard-Rosa, Rickard, and Scheve, “Liberal Populism: Public Support for Globalization in the Post-Brexit United Kingdom” Optional readings: • Becker et al. “Who voted for Brexit? A Comprehensive District-Level Analysis,” 2016. • Eberhardt and Presbitero. “Public debt and growth: heterogeneity and non-linearity,”Journal of International Economics 97 (2015): 45-58. Questions to Consider: • What caused the sovereign debt crisis in Europe? • Is the eurozone an “optimal currency area”? • Why did so many countries embrace austerity as a remedy, and what were its actual effects? • What were the causes of “Brexit”?
第 17 週The Rise of Populism in the United States Review for Final Exam Required Readings: • Rodrik, Dani, Globalization Paradox (Norton & Co. 2011), ch.9 • Jenson and Weymouth, “Winners and Losers in International Trade: The Effects on U.S. Presidential Voting,” International Organization 71.3 (2017): 423-457 • Autor, Dorn, Hanson, and Majlesi, “Importing Political Polarization? The Electoral Consequences of Rising Exposure to Trade,” 2016. • Autor, Dorn, Hanson, and Majlesi, “A Note on the Effect of Rising Trade Exposure to the 2016 Presidential Election,” 2016. Optional Readings: • Edward Alden, Failure to Adjust: How Americans Got Left Behind in the Global Economy (New York: Rowan & Littlefield, 2017), Chapter 5, “Helping the Losers: The Tragedy of Trade Adjustment Assistance” • Brigitte Granville, “The Anatomy of Populist Economics,” Project Syndicate, February 24, 2017.
第 18 週Final Examination
教科書

 Grieco, Joseph M. and G. John Ikenberry, State Power and World Markets: The International Political Economy, W.W. Norton & Company, 2003  Helpman, Elhanan. 2011. Understanding Global Trade. Harvard University Press.  Frieden, Jeffrey. 2017. Global Capitalism: Its Fall and Rise in the Twentieth Century. New York: WW Norton. There will also be readings from leading economic newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, and the Economist, which offer excellent overage of international economic events and their domestic reproductions, as well as several academic papers. We will refer frequently to current news in lectures.

Office Hours
時間
By appointment
聯絡方式
skymyr@gmail.com