句法學/語意學
Syntax/Semantics
| 節 | 週二 |
|---|---|
2 09:00–09:50 | 句法學/語意學 F210 3 節連堂 |
3 10:10–11:00 | |
4 11:10–12:00 |
* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列
The purpose of this course is to familiarize students with the fundamental properties of syntax and semantics. In doing so, it introduces the basic concepts of syntactic theory, as well as the tools necessary to analyze any given language. This provides us with insight with respect to what linguists call the Universal Grammar (the ‘supra-grammar’ that is believed to underlie all human languages). Although this course deals exclusively with English, the material covered in the class will not be unique to English. Linguists believe that one can learn about what drives human languages by studying a single language. This knowledge can then be used when dealing with a different language. You should be able to have a better idea how this works at the end of the class. This class looks at the formal properties of English syntax. It is not concerned with the use, esthetics, or the sociology of the language. In a sense, we are interested in how the engine of the car works, not the rule so the road, where you drive, or the color of design of its chassis. Therefore the generalization and rules that we will state in class relate to the inner workings of English grammar, not what speakers may think or feel about the way other speakers speak English.
Introduction to Linguistics If you have not taken Introduction to Linguistics, you cannot expect to do well in this class. It is not advisable to take Introduction to Linguistics and this course concurrently either.
Lectures and Discussion
Your final grade will be the cumulative result of the following: Test 1 30% Test 2 30% Test 3 40%
| 週次 | 主題 |
|---|---|
| 第 1 週 | You can reach the lectures of the first week at the following websites. W1A https://youtu.be/8rZ3Schb59k W1B https://youtu.be/_5cTRoH61fM W1C https://youtu.be/rMs-EgcL0AE 1, 2.2 grammatical competence, basic concepts and fundamental misconcepts, competence as infinite rule-governed creativity, discovering the rules, levels of adequacy, constraining grammars, constraints, universals, and acquisition, markedness and core grammar, intuitions about structure, |
| 第 2 週 | Holiday |
| 第 3 週 | 2.3-2.8 word-level categories, phrasal categories: nonsyntactic evidence, distributional evidence, other syntactic evidence, words as phrases, testing the structure, |
| 第 4 週 | 4.2-4.7 small nominal phrases, evidence for N-bar, complements and adjuncts, optional constituents of the noun phrase, more differences between complements and adjuncts, nominal premodifiers |
| 第 5 週 | Test 1 |
| 第 6 週 | 4.8, 5.2-5.4 adjectival premodifiers, verb phrases, adjectival phrases, prepositional phrases, |
| 第 7 週 | 5.5-5.8 cross-categorial structural symmetry, constraining categorical rules, generalizing categorical rules, eliminating categorical rules, |
| 第 8 週 | 6.2-6.6 finite and nonfinite clauses, constituent structure of clauses, structure of main clauses, internal structure of S, clauses with empty subjects |
| 第 9 週 | 6.7-6.8, 7.2-7.5 exceptional clauses, small clauses, categorical information, subcategorization, prepositional complements, complement order, |
| 第 10 週 | Test 2 |
| 第 11 週 | 7.6-7.14 clausal complements, subcategorizing adjectives, nouns, and prepositions, eliminating redundancy, selection restrictions, thematic relations, correlating thematic and syntactic structure, theta-marking of subjects, selection restrictions and thematic structure, constraints on theta-marking, |
| 第 12 週 | 8.2-8.6 V movement, I movement, NP movement in passive structures, NP movement in Raising structures, NP movement in ergative and middle structures, |
| 第 13 週 | 8.7, 9.2-9.5 extraposition, question types, syntactic arguments, morphological arguments, phonological arguments, |
| 第 14 週 | 9.6-9.12 semantic arguments, wh movement in relative clauses, other wh-constructions, targets for wh movement, the landing-site for moved wh-phrases, re-examining the status of S, re-examining the status of small clauses, |
| 第 15 週 | 10.2-10-9 other movement rules, alpha movement, Structure-preserving Principle, explaining the Structure-preserving Principle, traces, C-command condition on traces, bounding, rule interaction, |
| 第 16 週 | Test 3 |
1. Transformational Grammar (required/by Andrew Radford; Cambridge University Press: 1988) 2. Lecture Notes (prepared by Chen-Sheng Liu)