加速器科技

Accelerator Technology

學期

110-1

學分

3 學分

當期課號

5978

永久課號

IEP5655

開課單位

電子物理學系

授課教師

黃清鄉

類別

選修

上課時間表

節	週五
5 13:20–14:10	加速器科技 L100 3 節連堂
6 14:20–15:10
7 15:30–16:20

* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列

概述

目前國際上已具有超過五十座正在建造或運轉中的第三代同步輻射加速器設施,十幾座第三代同步輻射加速器設施正在升級至第四代同步輻射加速器。這些同步輻射光源設施提供從事物理,材料,化學,乃至於生物等相關科學研究學者從事前沿實驗觀測的重要利器。位於新竹科學園區的台灣光源(Taiwan Light Source)以及台灣光子源(Taiwan Photon Source)屬於其中運轉較穩定,光源性能良好的代表。另一方面,順應台灣對於加速器相關科技應用上的需求日益增多,如癌症的質子治療,下一世代使用加速器技術產生半導體曝光製程所需的高光源功率的乾淨光源等。針對理工科系學生,開授一門介紹加速器初步理論、技術實務與其在產業上的可能應用是必需的。我們期許選修完這門課程的同學,對於加速器的運轉機制能有更深入直接的認識,對於加速器的應用能具有一定的宏觀的視野。日後或利用同步輻射光源設施的光源特性從事前沿的學術研究,或運用這些加速器相關的尖端技術解決工程問題上碰到的難題,這是我們對修過這們課程的學生的期許。 Currently, more than 50 third-generation synchrotron accelerator are operated in the world, and more than a dozen of third-generation synchrotron accelerator facilities are being upgraded to fourth-generation synchrotron accelerators. These synchrotron accelerator light source provide important tools for cutting-edge experimental observations by related scientific researchers such as physics, materials, chemistry, and even biology. The TLS and TPS are located in the Hsinchu Science Park. Both facilities are representative of the relatively stable operation and good performance. On the other hand, in line with Taiwan's increasing demand for accelerator-related technology applications, such as proton therapy for cancer, the next generation accelerator technology to produce clean light sources with high average power required for semiconductor exposure processes. For science and engineering students, it is necessary to introduce a preliminary theory of accelerator, technical practice and its possible application in the industry. We hope that students who have completed this course will have a deeper and more direct understanding of the operating mechanism of the accelerator, and have a certain macro vision for the application of the accelerator. In the future, we will use the light source characteristics of synchrotron radiation source facilities to perform the cutting-edge academic research, or use these accelerator-related cutting-edge technologies to solve the problems encountered in engineering problems. This is our expectation for the students who have completed this course.

先修科目

普通物理 (General Physics)、電磁學(Electromagnetics)、工程數學 (Engineering Mathematics)

教學方式

講議公佈在網站,並有位助教幫學生準備資料及部份問題解說 The lecture material was posted on the website, and a teaching assistant helped the students prepare the materials and explain some of the questions. 網站 (website): http://140.110.201.25/AdminLogin

評分方式

(1) 學期作業: 繳交期末報告,報告內容包括(a)修這門課的動機、(b)最有興趣的主題並說明、(c) 修這門課的心得、(d)建議。 Semester homework: Submit the final report, which includes (a) the motivation for studying the course, (b) the most interesting topics and explanations, (c) The experience of studying this course, and (d) the suggestions. (2) 考試: 在期中、期末考之前學生必需繳交在期中、期末考之前分別所學習到的內容提出兩題不懂但想了解的問題,並在期中、期末考週進行問題的討論,並根據提出的問題深度以及討論的狀況來決定期中、期末考成績。 Examination: Before the mid-term and final exams, students must submit two questions that they did not understand but want to know before the mid-term and final exams, and will discuss the questions in the week of mid-term and final-term exams. The depth of the two questions and the status of the discussion will determine the score of midterm and final exam results. (3) 評量: 上課出席率佔50% ; 期末報告佔20% ; 期中、期末繳交提問成績佔30%。 Assessment criteria: 50% attendance rate in class; 20% in final report; 30% in mid-term and final-term questions.

課程大綱

The Application of Accelerators for Basic Science Researches
Introduction to Particle Accelerators - from Technological Point of View
Technology of Particle Accelerators I-Transverse and Longitudinal Dynamics
Technology of Particle Accelerators II- Radiation from Relativistic Electrons
Introduction to Magnet technology and Field Measurement/Magnet Lab Tour
Introduction to Radio Frequency Technology/RF Lab Tour
Question & Answer I (Midterm)
Introduction to Beam Diagnostics and Control System/Control System Lab Tour
Introduction to Insertion Devices and Field Shimming/ID Lab Tour
Introduction to Vacuum Technology/Vacuum Lab Tour
Introduction to Mechanical Survey and Alignment/Mechanical Lab Tour
Introduction to Electron Source and FEL Physics accelerator/Linac Lab Tour
Radiation Shielding Design, Radiation Safety and Measurement/Lab Tour
Introduction to Photon Beam Line and Front End /Beam Line Tour
Applications of Particle Accelerators in Energy, Waste Management, and Cancer Therapy
Question & Answer II; Final Report (Final Exam)
Introduction to NSRRC facility/NSRRC Tour

週次計畫

週次	主題
第 1 週	主題 (topic): Introduction to NSRRC facility/NSRRC Tour 內容(content): The introduction of the NSRRC facility includes the accelerator system of TLS and TPS. The basic accelerator concept, the accelerator application and the system components will be introduced. The current and future plan will be discussed. Finally, the NSRRC facility tour includes the TLS and TPS will be plan (one hour).
第 2 週	主題:The Application of Accelerators for Basic Science Researches 內容: The introduction of the experimental in the accelerator synchrotron radiation facility will be reported, like as the Spectroscopy, Scattering and diffraction, Microscopy, Dynamics experiment, and medical applications. The experimental techniques and concept of various experiments will be introduced in this lecture. The tour of the end station (half hour) is planned.
第 3 週	主題: Introduction to Particle Accelerators- from Technological Point of View 內容: The accelerator history, different kinds of accelerator concept and the mechanism will be introduced. Different facilities with different function and application will be reported. Overview of the accelerator physics.
第 4 週	主題: Technology of Particle Accelerators I-Transverse and Longitudinal Dynamics 內容: Primary in electro-magnetism apply in particle accelerators. Lorentz force has components on the electric field that will affect the electron accelerator in the longitudinal direction. The synchrotron radiation loss will be compensated by the RF cavity will be discussed. The circular accelerator and Many Particle Beam Dynamics in the accelerator system will be introduced. The natural emittance in a storage ring arises from the equilibrium of the quantum fluctuation and radiation damping is reported. We employ the Lorentz force for beam guidance and beam focusing. Lorentz force has two components on the electric and magnetic field. The Electrostatic Fields and Magneto-static Fields effect on the electron accelerator and the linear beam dynamics. The circular accelerator and Many Particle Beam Dynamics in the accelerator system will be introduced.
第 5 週	主題:Technology of Particle Accelerators II- Radiation from Relativistic Electrons 內容: Primers in Electro-Magnetism and special Relativity, electric field for a charged particle beam, magnetic field of a uniformly charged particle beam will be introduced. The synchrotron radiation comes from an accelerating and moving particle beam and the synchrotron radiation mechanism radiate from bending and insertion device are discussed here, respectively.
第 6 週	主題:Introduction to Magnet technology and Field Measurement/Magnet Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the accelerator magnet as well as the design and fabrication of the accelerator magnet will be introduced. The circuit design and magnetic field calculation are discussed for the accelerator magnets. Different kinds of accelerator magnet and the relative function will be reported. The field measurement concept and the system setup will be introduced. Field quality control will be discussed for various accelerator magnets. How to design and inspect the accelerator magnet are also discussed here. The tour of the magnet laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 7 週	主題:Introduction to Radio Frequency Technology/RF Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the RF system in the accelerator facility will be discussed. The design and fabrication of the RF system will be introduced. Different kinds of concept and system components of RF system include normal and superconducting RF cavity will be reported in the accelerator system. The RF system components include the RF cavity and low level system, as well as the technology of SRF system will be presented. The tour of the RF laboratory (half hour) is planned. An hour of mid-term exam time will be scheduled after the lecture.
第 8 週	主題:Question & Answer I (Midterm) 內容: Student should hand over the question about the first seven weeks lecture before the 8th week. These questions are that they do not understand in the lecture and try to clarify or they want to know more about the relative research and problem. In this topic, student can discuss the relative issues mutually.
第 9 週	主題:Introduction to Beam Diagnostics and Control System/Control System Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the beam diagnostics and electronic control system as well as the design and fabrication of the diagnostics and control system will be introduced. Different kinds of diagnostics devices and control system will be reported. The main components of the diagnostics and control system will be presented in the accelerator system. The global and fast feedback concept and algorithm will be introduced in the accelerator system. The tour of the diagnostics and control system laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 10 週	主題:Technology of Insertion Devices and Field Shimming/ID Lab Tour 內容:The features and role of the insertion devices as well as the design and fabrication of the insertion devices will be introduced. The circuit design and magnetic field calculation are discussed. How to design and inspect the insertion device magnet are also discussed here. Various insertion devices with different kinds of function will be reported in this lecture. The field shimming concept and the measurement system setup will be also introduced. Field shimming algorithm for different insertion devices will be discussed. The tour of the insertion device laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 11 週	主題:Introduction to Vacuum Technology/Vacuum Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the vacuum system as well as the condition and limitation of ultra-high vacuum components will be introduced. Different kinds of vacuum system components will be reported. The relationship between the vacuum and the electron beam stability will be discussed here. How do we get and maintain such an ultra-high vacuum, how to estimate and calculate the vacuum pressure in different electron beam condition and Ultra-High Vacuum System Desorption due Synchrotron Radiation will be introduced in this lecture. The tour of the vacuum laboratory is planned (half hour).
第 12 週	主題:Introduction to Mechanical Survey & Alignment/Mechanical Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the survey and alignment will be introduced. The concept of various survey and alignment methods for the high precision mechanical positioning will be presented in this lecture. Advance design of the pedestal and girder system to match the alignment is also discussed here. The tour of the survey and alignment laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 13 週	主題:Introduction to Electron Source & FEL physics accelerator/Linac Lab Tour 內容: The Beam emittance and brightness Beam requirements for FEL-RF linacs will be introduced. Meanwhile, the Linac structures, Beam dynamics in rf linacs, Wake fields in linac structures, Cathodes and electron guns Cathodes, the Thermionic DC electron guns and the Photo-cathode rf guns will be also introduced in this lecture. Finally, the Beam manipulations include Chopper, Buncher, Bunch compression and the Free Electron Laser are also discussed herein. The tour of the Electron Source; linac accelerator laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 14 週	主題:Radiation Shielding Design, Radiation Safety & Measurement/ Lab Tour 內容: The features and role of the radiation safety will be introduced. The concept and algorithm of radiation safety interlock is presented. The radiation calculation in different accelerator energy to design the radiation shielding, as well as the various radiation detector for different energy will be discussed here. The tour of the radiation safety laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 15 週	主題:Introduction to Photon Beam Line/Beam Line Tour 內容: The features and role of the photon beam lines as well as the beam line design will be introduced. The beamline optics and beamline technology will be reported. Various energy beam line with respect to the different experimental end-station will be presented here. The concept of beam line safety interlock will be discussed. The tour of the photon beam lines and laboratory (half hour) is planned.
第 17 週	主題: Applications of Particle Accelerators in Energy, Waste Management, and Cancer Therapy 內容: The accelerator can be applied for the Environment, medical and Industry application and so on. For example, the application of accelerator can be in food security, agriculture, environment, the treatment of waste water and the Cargo inspection. The accelerator systems of radiotherapy with Hadron Beam are also introduced in this section. The theorem and the accelerator design as well as the features are also introduced in this section. An hour of final exam time will be scheduled after the lecture. The deadline of the final report is in this week.
第 18 週	主題: Question & Answer II & submit report (Final term) 內容: Student should hand over the question about the last seven weeks lecture after the 7th week. These questions are that they do not understand in the lecture and try to clarify or they want to know more about the relative research and problem. In this topic, student can discuss the relative issues mutually. Student should submit the final report.

教科書

指定課本: (1) 隨堂分發之專題講義; (2) Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering, edited by Alexander Wu Chao and Maury Tigner, World Scentific (1998) (3) Accelerator Physics, S. Y. Lee, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. (1999); 參考書目: 1. Synchrotron Radiation Sources: A Primer, H. Winick (ed.) (World Scientific, 1994); 2. Compact Synchrotron Light Sources, E. Weihreter (World Scientific, 1996); 3. An Introduction to Particle Accelerators, E.J.N. Wilson (Oxford Univ. Press, 2001); 4. Particle Accelerator Physics, 3rd ed., H. Wiedemann (Springer-Verlag, 2007); 5. The Physics of Particle Accelerators, K. Wille (Oxford Univ. Press, 2000); 6. An Introduction to the Physics of High Energy Accelerators, D.A. Edwards & M.J. Syphers (Wiley, 1993);

Office Hours

地點: 同步輻射中心 (NSRRC) M302
時間: 任何時間皆可 (any time)
聯絡方式: (03)5780281 ext. 6302 EMAIL: cshwang@nsrrc.org.tw