科學想像與創意

Scientific Imagination and Creativity

學期

110-1

學分

3 學分

當期課號

B172

永久課號

B2570

開課單位

心智哲學研究所

授課教師

顧醫華

校區

陽明

類別

必修

上課時間表

節	週二
7 15:30–16:20	科學想像與創意 YX206 3 節連堂
8 16:30–17:20
9 17:30–18:20

* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列

概述

Some scholars believe that imagination and creativity are what separate humans from animals. Others claim that these capacities are exactly what artificially intelligent systems will never achieve. And certainly, without them, science would grind to a halt. But what are imagination and creativity, and how are they related? Is there anything special about scientific imagination and creativity, as opposed to the imagination and creativity we find in other disciplines? Can scientists learn to become more imaginative and creative? Are there times when imagination and creativity are harmful, or at least, not useful? Does the structure of modern science encourage imagination and creativity, and if so, which kinds, and when? This course will consider these and other questions from a philosophical perspective, though we will also discuss recent work in cognitive science.

教學方式

Since imagination and creativity are concepts that are discussed in many different disciplines, this course will expose students to issues in subfields other than their own, as well as enable students to think critically about imagination and creativity in their own work. The course will help to develop critical thinking, presentation, writing and discussion skills.

評分方式

Students are requested to come to each class with 2-3 questions for discussion. Graduate students will be expected to write 10 short reflection pieces (at most 2 pages) (40%), and a term paper on a topic of their choice (~3000 words, 60%). Undergraduate students will write one short midterm paper on creativity (1500 words, 50%) and a short final paper on imagination (1500 words, 50%).

週次計畫

週次	主題
第 1 週	Introduction, overview of course and syllabus ‧Schickore, Jutta. 2018. “Scientific Discovery.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-discovery/
第 2 週	(Mid-Autumn Festival) What is creativity and why does it matter? ‧Gaut, Berys. 2010. “The Philosophy of Creativity.” Philosophy Compass 5/12. ‧Boden, Margaret. 2007. “Creativity in a Nutshell.” Think 5/15, Cambridge University Press.
第 3 週	Accounts of creativity ‧Kronfeldner, Maria. 2018. “Explaining Creativity.” In Routledge Handbook on Creativity and Philosophy, edited by Berys Gaut and Matthew Kieran, 213–29. New York: Routledge. ‧Kronfeldner, Maria. 2010. “Darwinian ‘Blind’ Hypothesis Formation Revisited.” Synthese 175 (2): 193–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9498-8. ‧Shevlin, Henry. 2021. Rethinking creative intelligence: comparative psychology and the concept of creativity, European Journal for Philosophy of Science. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13194-020-00323-8
第 4 週	Creativity in different parts of scientific practice ‧Anscomb, Claire. 2021. Visibility, creativity, and collective working practices in art and science. European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11, 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-020-00310-z.
第 5 週	Is scientific creativity good? ‧Hills, Alison and Bird, Alexander. “Against Creativity.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 99 (3): 694-713 (2019) ‧Sanchez-Dorado, Julia. “Novel & worthy: creativity as a thick epistemic concept.” European Journal for Philosophy of Science 10, 40 (2020)
第 6 週	What kind of creativity does contemporary science value? ‧Currie, Adrian. 2019. “Existential Risk, Creativity & Well-Adapted Science.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, Volume 76, August 2019, Pages 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2018.09.008 ‧Heesen, Remco. 2019. “The credit incentive to be a maverick.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, Volume 76: 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2018.11.007. ‧O''''''''Connor, Cailin. 2019. “The natural selection of conservative science.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, Volume 76: 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2018.09.007.
第 7 週	The connection between creativity and imagination ‧Gaut, B. 2003. Creativity and Imagination. In B. Gaut, & P. Livingston (Eds.), The Creation of Art: New Essays in Philosophical Aesthetics (pp. 148-173). Cambridge University Press. ‧Stokes, Dustin. 2014. “The Role of Imagination in Creativity.” In The Philosophy of Creativity: New Essays. Edited by Elliot Samuel Paul and Scott Barry Kaufman. Oxford University Press. DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199836963.003.00092014.
第 8 週	Imagination ‧Kind, Amy. 2016. “Introduction: Exploring Imagination.” in Kind, Amy (ed.): The Routledge Handbook on Philosophy of Imagination, 1-11. ‧Kind, Amy. 2013. “The Heterogeneity of the Imagination.” Erkenntnis 78, 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-011-9313-z. ‧Liao, Shen-Yi. 2019. “Imagination.” Stanford Online Encyclopedia of Philosophy (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/imagination/)
第 9 週	Scientific imagination ‧Levy, Arnon, and Peter Godfrey-Smith. 2020. “Introduction.” In The Scientific Imagination, by Arnon Levy and Peter Godfrey-Smith, 1–16. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190212308.003.0001.
第 10 週	Aphantasia ‧Please take this test: https://aphantasia.com/vviq/ ‧Clemens, Anna. 2018. “When the Mind’s Eye is Blind.” Scientific American. Available here: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/when-the-minds-eye-is-blind1/ ‧Humbert-Droz, Steve. 2018. “Aphantasia and the Decay of Mental Images.” In Cova F. & Rehault S. (eds.), Advances in Experimental Philosophy of Aesthetics. Bloomsbury.
第 11 週	How much scientific imagination is visual? ‧Salis, Fiora. and Frigg, Roman. 2020. “Capturing the Scientific Imagination.” In The Scientific Imagination, edited by Peter Godfrey-Smith and Arnon Levy. Oxford University Press. ‧Murphy, Alice. 2020. “Towards a Pluralist Account of the Imagination in Science.” Philosophy of Science 87: 957-967. https://doi.org/10.1086/710620.
第 12 週	Case studies ‧Benjamin Sheredos and William Bechtel. 2020. “Imagining Mechanisms with Diagrams.” in The Scientific Imagination, edited by Arnon Levy and Peter Godfrey-Smith. ‧Stuart, Michael T. 2019. Everyday Scientific Imagination. Science & Education 28, 711–730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-019-00067-9.
第 13 週	Scientific imagination and aesthetics ‧French, Steven. 2020. “Imagination in Scientific Practice.” European Journal for Philosophy of Science 10, 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-020-00291-z. ‧Breitenbach, Angela. 2020. “One Imagination in Experiences of Beauty and Achievements of Understanding.” The British Journal of Aesthetics 60: 71-88.
第 14 週	Imagination and AI ‧Halina, Marta. 2021. “Insightful Artificial intelligence.” Mind & Language 36: 315-329. ‧Stuart, Michael T. 2019. “The Role of Imagination in Social Scientific Discovery: Why Machine Discoverers Will Need Imagination Algorithms.” Pp. 49-66 in M. Addis et al. (eds.) Scientific Discovery in the Social Sciences. Springer: Heidelberg. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23769-1_4.
第 15 週	Imagination and constraint ‧Kind, Amy. 2016. “Imagining Under Constraints.” In Knowledge Through Imagination, edited by Amy Kind and Peter Kung. Oxford University Press. ‧Stuart, Michael T. 2020. “The Productive Anarchy of Scientific Imagination.” Philosophy of Science 87: 968–978. DOI: 10.1086/710629.
第 16 週	Vehicles for the scientific imagination ‧Camp, Elizabeth. 2020. “Imaginative Frames for Scientific Inquiry: Metaphors, Telling Facts, and Just-So Stories.” The Scientific Imagination edited by Peter Godfrey-Smith and Arnon Levy. Oxford University Press. ‧Levy, Arnon. 2020. “Metaphor and Scientific Explanation.” In The Scientific Imagination, edited by Peter Godfrey-Smith and Arnon Levy. Oxford University Press.
第 17 週	Imagination, creativity and science fiction ‧Film: The Martian (2011) ‧Film: Contact (1997)
第 18 週	When imagination and creativity go too far, or not far enough ‧Film: A Beautiful Mind (2001) ‧Film: Hidden figures (2017)