人工智能倫理學

This course will offer an overview of ethical and social issues raised by advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI). After settling some definitional matters, we will consider whether and how the many benefits that AI has to offer society can be promoted without generating unacceptable costs, via phenomena like surveillance, technological unemployment, or behavioral and thought manipulation, especially via the internet. We will also address the phenomenon of AI bias, as well as issues raised by future AI-related developments, such as self-driving cars; autonomous weapons; humanoid robots; the possibility of conscious machines; and ultimately, the rise of machine “superintelligence” and its potentially desirable or catastrophic consequences for humanity.This course will offer an overview of ethical and social issues raised by advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI). After settling some definitional matters, we will consider whether and how the many benefits that AI has to offer society can be promoted without generating unacceptable costs, via phenomena like surveillance, technological unemployment, or behavioral and thought manipulation, especially via the internet. We will also address the phenomenon of AI bias, as well as issues raised by future AI-related developments, such as self-driving cars; autonomous weapons; humanoid robots; the possibility of conscious machines; and ultimately, the rise of machine “superintelligence” and its potentially desirable or catastrophic consequences for humanity.

Class participation 30% Attendance, oral presentation (on the draft of the mid-term paper), and participation in discussion according to stated expectations Mid-term paper 35% Write a paper (min. 2000 words long, in English) on any topic discussed between weeks 2 and 9 35% Final exam 35% In class

Preliminary reading list § Bostrom, N. Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. § Brynjolfsson, E. and McAfee, A. The Second Machine Age : Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies (New Edition). New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2016. § Chalmers, D. J. “A Computational Foundation for the Study of Cognition”. Journal of Cognitive Science 12:4 (2011), pp. 323-357. § Chalmers, D. J. “The Singularity: a Philosophical Analysis”. Journal of Consciousness Studies 17:9-10 (2010). § Danaher, J. “The Threat of Algocracy: Reality, Resistance and Accommodation”. Philosophy & Technology 29 (2016), pp. 245-268. § Danaher, J. “Virtual Reality and the Meaning of Life”. In: Landau, I. (ed.), Oxford Handbook on Meaning in Life. Oxford University Press, forthcoming. § Dubber, M. D., Pasquale, F., and Das, S. (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. § Erler, A. and Muller, V. C. “AI as IA: the Use and Abuse of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Human Enhancement through Intellectual Augmentation (IA)”. Invited contribution to: Ienca, M. and Jotterand, F. (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Human Enhancement. London: Routledge, forthcoming. ‧ Floridi, L. and Taddeo, M. “What Is Data Ethics?”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374:2083 (2016), 20160360. doi:10.1098/rsta.2016.0360. § Kurzweil, R. The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. New York: Viking, 2005. 2 § Liao, S. M. Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. § Macnish, K. The Ethics of Surveillance: an Introduction. London: Routledge, 2017. § Muller, V. C. “Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics”. In: Zalta, E. N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2021 Edition), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2021/entries/ethics-ai/. § Ord, T. The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity. New York: Hachette Books, 2020. § Russell, S. J. and Norvig, P. Artificial Intelligence : a Modern Approach (4th edition). Hoboken, NJ: Pearson, 2021. § Searle, J. R. “Minds, Brains, and Programs”, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3:3 (1980), pp. 417–424. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00005756. § Singer, P. W., and Brooking, E. T. LikeWar: the Weaponization of Social Media. Boston; New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018. § Tegmark, M. Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2017. § Wallach, W. and Asaro, P. (eds.). Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics. London: Routledge, 2017.