工程哲學:從生醫到太空
Philosophy of Engineering from Biomedicine to Space and Back
學期
110-2
學分
3
學分
當期課號
D376
永久課號
B2767
開課單位
心智哲學研究所
授課教師
顧醫華
校區
陽明
類別
必修
上課時間表
| 節 | 週三 |
|---|---|
5 13:20–14:10 | 工程哲學:從生醫到太空 YX206 3 節連堂 |
6 14:20–15:10 | |
7 15:30–16:20 |
* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列
概述
Engineering is vital for human civilization, at least in part because of the role it plays in science. Without the engineering sciences, we would not have experiments in physics like the Large Hadron Collider, biomedical engineering, or space exploration. Yet the role of engineering in science has gone largely unnoticed by philosophers until recently. This course will begin by introducing the engineering sciences, including their methodologies, ontologies and epistemologies, as well as their relation to the other sciences. We will then examine two main cases in depth: bioengineering and space science. Through a close analysis of these cases we will apply what we have learned in the first half of the course, and at the same time, try to use the cases to illuminate fundamental philosophical issues, such as the goals, ethics and future of the engineering sciences.
教學方式
The goal of this course is to improve students’ ability to reason critically and creatively; present their ideas in discussion, writing and presentations; and learn how to navigate different disciplinary boundaries, from philosophy of science, STS, HPS, engineering and science. Students will also gain familiarity with the fundamental assumptions and methods underlying engineering sciences, as well as current issues in philosophy of engineering. By the end of the course students should be comfortable discussing some of the central problems in contemporary philosophy of engineering, be able to offer (and criticize) responses to these problems, and use their understanding to engage critically with engineering in general.
評分方式
Graduate students will be expected to write a very short reflection piece (2 paragraphs) due 24 hours before each class, starting in week 2 (40%), and a term paper on a topic of their choice (~3000 words, 60%). Undergraduate students will write one short midterm paper on general issues in philosophy of engineering (1500 words, 50%) and a short final paper on one of the case studies (1500 words, 50%).
週次計畫
| 週次 | 主題 |
|---|---|
| 第 1 週 | Week 1: Introduction, overview of course and syllabus |
| 第 2 週 | Week 2: Engineering and philosophy ‧ Real Engineering, The Truth About Wireless Charging, 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOVg62_DUYU ‧ Carl Mitcham, ‘The True Grand Challenge for Engineering: Self-Knowledge’, Issues in Science and Technology, 2014. https://issues.org/perspectives-the-true-grand-challenge-for-engineering-self-knowledge/ |
| 第 3 週 | Week 3: On the nature of engineering sciences ‧ Zachary Pirtle, David Tomblin, and Guru Madhavan, ‘Reimagining Conceptions of Technological and Societal Progress’, in Engineering and Philosophy: Reimagining Technology and Social Progress, ed. by Zachary Pirtle et al. Cham: Springer, 2021, pp. 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70099-7_1 ‧ William C. Wimsatt, ‘Engineering Design Principles in Natural and Artificial Systems: Generative Entrenchment and Modularity’, in Engineering and Philosophy: Reimagining Technology and Social Progress, ed. by Zachary Pirtle et al., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021, pp. 25–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70099-7_2. ‧ Mieke Boon, ‘The Scientific Use of Technological Instruments’, in The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives, ed. by Sven Ove Hansson. Springer Verlag, 2015. ‧ Nancy J. Nersessian, ‘How Do Engineering Scientists Think? Model-Based Simulation in Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratories’, Topics in Cognitive Science, 1.4 (2009), 730–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2009.01032.x. |
| 第 4 週 | Week 4: Epistemology of engineering ‧ Mieke Boon, ‘In Defense of Engineering Sciences’, Techne: Research in Philosophy and Technology, 15.1 (2011), 49–71. ‧ Mieke Boon, ‘Understanding in the Engineering Sciences: Interpretive Structures’, in Scientific Understanding: Philosophical Perspectives, ed. by Henk de Regt et al., 2009, pp. 249–70. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qh59s.16. |
| 第 5 週 | Week 5: Interdisciplinarity ‧ Nancy J. Nersessian, ‘Interdisciplinarities in Action: Cognitive Ethnography of Bioengineering Sciences Research Laboratories’, Perspectives on Science, 27.4 (2019), 553–81. https://doi.org/10.1162/posc_a_00316. ‧ Nancy J. Nersessian and Wendy C. Newstetter, ‘Interdisciplinarity in Engineering Research and Learning’, in Cambridge Handbook of Engineering Education Research, ed. by Aditya Johri and Barbara M. Olds. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013, pp. 713–30. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139013451.043. |
| 第 6 週 | Week 6: Innovation ‧ Pirtle, Zachery, and Jared Moore, ‘Where Does Innovation Come From?: Project Hindsight, TRACEs, and What Structured Case Studies Can Say About Innovation’, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 38.3 (2019), 56–67. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1duDupXUAOirzTcz1WuJeYuHfLl9LWHNi/view ‧ Cropley, David H., ‘Engineering, Ethics, and Creativity: N’er the Twain Shall Meet?’, in The Ethics of Creativity, ed. by Seana Moran et al., London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014, pp. 152–69. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137333544_9. |
| 第 7 週 | Week 7: Ethics, general ‧ Bono Po-Jen Shih, ‘Towards an Engineering Ethics with Non-Engineers: How Western Engineering Ethics May Learn from Taiwan’, in Engineering and Philosophy: Reimagining Technology and Social Progress, ed. by Zachary Pirtle et al., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021, pp. 161–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70099-7_8. ‧ Zachary Pirtle and Zoe Szajnfarber, ‘On Ideals for Engineering in Democratic Societies’, in Philosophy and Engineering: Exploring Boundaries, Expanding Connections, ed. by Diane P. Michelfelder et al., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45193-0_8. ‧ Carl Mitcham and Zhang Kang, ‘Engineering Policy: Exploratory Reflections’, in Philosophy of Engineering, East and West, 2018, pp. 247–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62450-1_21. |
| 第 8 週 | Week 8: Biology ‧ Tarja Knuuttila and Andrea Loettgers, ‘Synthetic Biology as an Engineering Science? Analogical Reasoning, Synthetic Modeling, and Integration’, in New Challenges to Philosophy of Science, ed. by Hanne Andersen and others (Springer Verlag, 2013), pp. 163–77. ‧ Sara Green, ‘Can Biological Complexity Be Reverse Engineered?’, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 53 (2015), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2015.03.008. ‧ Yuri Lazebnik, ‘Can a Biologist Fix a Radio?—Or, What I Learned While Studying Apoptosis’, Cancer Cell, 2.3 (2002), 179–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1535-6108(02)00133-2. |
| 第 9 週 | Week 9: Ethics, synthetic life ‧ Mark A. Bedau and Mark Triant, ‘Social and Ethical Implications of Creating Artificial Cells’, in Ethics and Emerging Technologies, ed. by Ronald L. Sandler. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, pp. 562–74. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137349088_37. |
| 第 10 週 | Week 10: Planetary/asteroid engineering ‧ Isaac Arthur, Industrializing the Moon, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGcvv3683Os ‧ Christopher P. McKay and Margarita M. Marinova, ‘The Physics, Biology, and Environmental Ethics of Making Mars Habitable’, Astrobiology, 1.1 (2001), 89–109 https://doi.org/10.1089/153110701750137477. ‧ Niklas Anthony and M. Reza Emami, ‘Asteroid Engineering: The State-of-the-Art of Near-Earth Asteroids Science and Technology’, Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 100 (2018), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2018.05.001. |
| 第 11 週 | Week 11: Extraterrestrial life ‧ Carol E. Cleland, ‘Life without Definitions’, Synthese, 185.1 (2014), 125–44. ‧ Peter Vickers, ‘Alien Life Is out There, but Our Theories Are Probably Steering Us Away from It’, The Conversation, 2020. http://theconversation.com/alien-life-is-out-there-but-our-theories-are-probably-steering-us-away-from-it-124042. |
| 第 12 週 | Week 12: Space exploration ‧ Justin Weinberg, ‘Philosophers On Space Exploration’, Daily Nous, 2021. https://dailynous.com/2021/02/22/philosophers-on-space-exploration/. ‧ NASA, Wings in Orbit: Scientific and Engineering Legacies of the Space Shuttle, 1971-2010, ed. by Wayne Hale and others (Washington: Government Printing Office, 2010), NASA SP-2010-3409. |
| 第 13 週 | Week 13: Can computers engineer for us? / AI in space? ‧ Futurology, How AI Is Revolutionizing the Space Industry, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lJcPVJmkaE. ‧ ‘How Artificial Intelligence Has Impacted Engineering’, 2018. https://interestingengineering.com/how-artificial-intelligence-has-impacted-engineering. ‧ Ross D. King et al., ‘The Automation of Science’, Science, 324.5923 (2009), 85–89 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165620. ‧ Agoston E. Eiben et al., ‘Towards Autonomous Robot Evolution’, in Software Engineering for Robotics, ed. by Ana Cavalcanti et al. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021, pp. 29–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66494-7_2. |
| 第 14 週 | Week 14: Embodiment in space science ‧ Janet Vertesi, ‘Seeing like a Rover: Visualization, Embodiment, and Interaction on the Mars Exploration Rover Mission’, Social Studies of Science, 42.3 (2012), 393–414 https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312712444645. |
| 第 15 週 | Week 15: Space ethics 1 ‧ Pierre Bertrand, Zachary Pirtle, and David Tomblin, ‘Participatory Technology Assessment for Mars Mission Planning: Public Values and Rationales’, Space Policy, 42 (2017), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2017.08.004. ‧ David Tomblin et al., ‘Integrating Public Deliberation into Engineering Systems: Participatory Technology Assessment of NASA’s Asteroid Redirect Mission’, Astropolitics, 15.2 (2017), 141–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/14777622.2017.1340823. ‧ Sean McMahon, ‘The Aesthetic Objection to Terraforming Mars’, in The Ethics of Space Exploration, ed. by James S.J. Schwartz and Tony Milligan. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 209–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39827-3_15. |
| 第 16 週 | Week 16: Space ethics 2 ‧ Kelly C. Smith, ‘The Curious Case of the Martian Microbes: Mariomania, Intrinsic Value and the Prime Directive’, in The Ethics of Space Exploration, ed. by James S.J. Schwartz and Tony Milligan. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 195–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39827-3_14. ‧ James S. J. Schwartz, ‘On the Methodology of Space Ethics’, in The Ethics of Space Exploration, ed. by James S.J. Schwartz and Tony Milligan. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 93–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39827-3_7. ‧ Joseph Gottlieb, ‘Space Colonization and Existential Risk’, Journal of the American Philosophical Association, 5.3 (2019), 306–20/. https://doi.org/10.1017/apa.2019.12. ‧ Sheri Wells-Jensen, ‘The Case for Disabled Astronauts’, Scientific American Blog Network, 2018. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/the-case-for-disabled-astronauts/. |
| 第 17 週 | Week 17: Being an engineer ‧ Film: The Wind Rises (2013) ‧ Film: 3 Idiots (2009) |
| 第 18 週 | Week 18: Space engineering in fiction ‧ Film: Apollo 13 (1995) ‧ Novel: Red Mars (1992) |
教科書
We will be using Google Classroom, please join using the code: 5nvryp2. All readings will be uploaded to the Classroom webpage.