尼采慢慢讀：閱讀《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》卷一與卷二

課程目標與內容概述: 本課程是為全校以及百川學程(Arête Honors Program)開設的通識性課程,意在探索生命與自我實現的潛能,探討古希臘人所謂Arête(卓越)之意涵。 Arête意味著顛峰,意味著充份實現自己的潛能。尼采是自認為能夠充份實現Arête的人,他說「作為summa summarum[頂峰之頂峰、至高無上者],我是健康的,......因為人們要注意:我生命力最低下的年頭也就是我停止成為悲觀主義者的時候:我的自我恢復的本能不充許我有一種貧困和沮喪的哲學......。他猜到了對付損害的良藥,他充分利用惡劣的偶然事件的好處;凡是不是置他於死地的,都能使他變得更強壯。...他就是一個選擇原則,......他透過選擇、許可、信賴而有所尊重。......他既不相信『災禍』,也不相信『罪責』:他能對付自己,也能對付他人,他善於遺忘,──他十分強壯,足以使一切都必然為他帶來最佳的東西。好吧,我就是那頹廢者的對立面:因為,上面我描寫的正是我自己。」在尼采的角度來看,擇吾所愛,愛吾所選,活出人生的熱情才是王道。Arête之義類似於此,既是德性,也是勇氣。而尼采將陪伴我們思考,如何超越玻璃心世代,勇敢面對人世,「熱愛命運」而活得精采。 從學術的角度來看,尼采幾乎全面性地影響了當代人文社會科學的思潮當中。社會學者馬克思‧韋伯說「我們在精神上生存於其中的這個世界,在很大程度上乃是一個由馬克思與尼采所形塑出來的世界」──Max Weber(1920,出自Baumgarten 1964:554;轉引自張旺山 2013:144-145)二次世界大戰前的德國思潮,二次世界大戰後的法國思潮,到受法國思潮影響的美國學術界,更不用說好萊塢裡充斥著變形的超人形象,還有在韓劇裡不時出現的尼采痕跡(譬如知名的「殺不死我的,使我更堅強」之話),不消提台灣書巿《超譯尼采》書籍的長銷與暢銷,在在表明我們必須直接面對尼采思想,才有可能更好地思想、更有力量地活著。 尼采的哲學,又被稱為生命哲學。2020年知名韓劇「梨泰院Class」(이태원클라쓰)中,男主角生死關頭之際,女主角手上拿了本尼采的《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》,寫道「不管幾次都好,這可怕的人生,重來一次吧!」,為了自己的所愛,人生再苦也無所畏懼,甘願接受永恆回歸之洗禮。你是否曾好奇《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》是什麼樣的書?對我而言,那是本正面能量破表的書,也是面對人生關卡的破關秘笈,是檢視與思考人生意義的操作手冊。在當下馬克思所謂「一切堅固的東西都煙消雲散的時代」,尼采提醒我們,我們仍可以懷抱著「愛與希望」自信地活著(《查拉圖斯特拉如是說‧山上的樹》)。 鑑於《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》的文本有一定的難度,淺嘗即止或囫圇吞棗皆難窺尼采堂奧,因此本門課程採取經典慢讀的形式,依照《查》一書的四卷安排,分為上下學期各三個學分修習,並且在課程過程當中,透過當代著名幾位註解家的指引,讓化身為查拉圖斯特拉的尼采,作為我們生命旅程的伴遊者,協助我們經營自己的生命,而能夠肯定我們的此世生命,並且說「是的,我願意再來一次」。若你願意慢下腳步,思索人生,歡迎參加尼采導遊開的生命旅行團吧! Course Description and Objectives This course, offered as a general education class for the entire university and the Arête Honors Program, is designed to explore the potential for self-realization and human excellence (Arête)—a concept deeply valued by the ancient Greeks. The Greek term Arête signifies excellence, self-fulfillment, and the realization of one's full potential. Friedrich Nietzsche, who considered himself an embodiment of this ideal, wrote: “As the summa summarum [the highest of the high, the supreme being], I am healthy... One must take note: my years of lowest vitality were precisely when I ceased to be a pessimist. My instinct for self-recovery does not allow me to adopt a philosophy of poverty and despair... He (Nietzsche) discovered the antidote to harm, he knew how to extract benefits from misfortunes. Whatever does not kill him makes him stronger... He is a principle of selection... He respects through choice, permission, and trust... He believes neither in ‘calamity’ nor in ‘guilt’: he is capable of dealing with himself and others; he is strong enough to ensure that everything must, inevitably, turn out for the best for him. Well then, I am the opposite of the decadent: for I have just described myself.” For Nietzsche, to choose what one loves, to love what one chooses, and to live passionately is the true path of life. This is closely related to Arête, which is both virtue and courage. Through Nietzsche, this course will explore how to transcend the so-called "fragile generation" (玻璃心世代), how to bravely face the challenges of life, and how to embrace the philosophy of amor fati (love of fate), living a life full of affirmation and intensity. Academic Significance of Nietzsche From an academic perspective, Nietzsche has profoundly influenced contemporary humanities and social sciences. Sociologist Max Weber once remarked: “The intellectual world in which we live today is, to a large extent, a world shaped by Marx and Nietzsche.” — Max Weber (1920), cited in Baumgarten 1964:554; referenced in Zhang Wangshan 2013:144-145 Nietzsche’s impact spans from pre-World War II German thought to post-war French philosophy and beyond, influencing American academia, Hollywood’s obsession with the “Übermensch” (superman) archetype, and even K-drama references, such as the famous “What does not kill me makes me stronger” quote appearing in South Korean series. In Taiwan, Nietzsche’s popularity is evident in the widespread success of books such as Super-translated Nietzsche (超譯尼采). These examples demonstrate that engaging directly with Nietzsche’s thought is essential for developing stronger, more independent thinking and for leading a more empowered life. Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra as a Philosophy of Life Nietzsche’s philosophy is often categorized as a philosophy of life (Lebensphilosophie). A compelling example of its contemporary relevance is seen in the 2020 hit K-drama “Itaewon Class” (이태원 클라쓰), where, during a life-or-death moment, the protagonist is seen holding a copy of Thus Spoke Zarathustra, with the words: "No matter how many times, let’s live this terrible life once again!" This quote resonates with Nietzsche’s concept of eternal recurrence, urging us to affirm life even in its most challenging moments. Thus Spoke Zarathustra is not just a book—it is a manual for navigating life, a guide to overcoming obstacles, and a blueprint for contemplating the meaning of existence. In an era where, as Marx put it, "all that is solid melts into air", Nietzsche reminds us that we can still live with love and hope, embracing life with confidence (Thus Spoke Zarathustra – On the Tree on the Mountain). Course Methodology: Slow Reading of Nietzsche Since Thus Spoke Zarathustra is a challenging text, superficial reading or passive skimming will not reveal Nietzsche’s depth. This course adopts a slow-reading approach, carefully working through the four volumes of Zarathustra over two semesters (each semester covering two volumes, earning 3 credits per term). Throughout the course, we will engage with interpretations from prominent contemporary scholars to unpack Nietzsche’s ideas. Nietzsche, in the persona of Zarathustra, will accompany us on a journey of self-exploration, helping us cultivate our lives and affirm our existence, leading to the moment where we can declare: "Yes, I would choose to live this life again." If you are willing to slow down, reflect on life, and embark on a philosophical journey, then welcome to Nietzsche’s guided tour of life!

無。喜歡小組討論,與同學思辨論理者佳。為維持討論品質,小組討論活動會要求錄音或錄影,無法接受小組討論錄音或者錄影的同學請勿選修。 None. However, students who enjoy group discussions and critical reasoning will benefit the most from this course. Group Discussion must be recorded by voice or video. If you don't accept the record requirement, this course is not for you.

教學資源使用情況和相關配合事項:(如教學網站、校內外配合單位,所需設備或其他軟硬體等事項等) 本課程採取課前討論,老師講授,隨堂發放講義,就相關主題與重點段落與同學進行討論。教學上採取課堂投影片簡報、線上授課、小組討論,以及即席課堂實作混合教學。使用google meet作為授課平台,並且提供課程錄影供同學補課使用。 Hybrid Teaching Approach: The course employs a combination of lecture-based instruction, PowerPoint presentations, online classes, group discussions, and in-class practical exercises. Use of Online Platforms: Google Meet will be used as the primary platform for online teaching, with recorded lectures available for students who need to review missed sessions. ————————— 20250909與同學協議課程教法後,預計以以下方式進行上課 三堂課中,第一堂課與第二堂課,在該50分鐘內, A.文本講解,幫助同學瞭解與溫習文本概要。 B.書寫課堂提問 C.小組討論,三到四人為一組,討論時間可較長(應超過五分鐘,暫定十分鐘為嘗試時間) D. 課堂盤整收尾。 (表單部份依實際課堂情況亦有可能於1.課前發放;2.在小組討論後發放) 第三堂為補充說明時間,錄影。不進行表單發放。 上述說明如有不完整的地方,會再次於課堂上討論後調整。

評量方式: 作業Assignments 48% 每週撰寫個人心得並錄製課文朗讀聲音檔。每週需加入小組討論,小組成員們共同錄製聲音或影像檔案後,選擇代表輪流撰寫團體討論紀錄300字以上。內容須與文本內容相關,並且按相關學術規範書寫。 Weekly, you must write a personal reflection and record an audio file of yourself reading the text. You are also required to join a weekly small group discussion. After recording your audio or video files, you will take turns writing a group discussion log of at least 300 words. The content must be related to the text and written according to relevant academic conventions. All tasks must be submitted weekly. 期中報告Midterm Report12% 期末報告 Final Report 13% 課堂討論Discussion 12% 個人期末口頭分享Oral presentation of personal learning reflections 10% 其他Other 5% 期末總整報告繳交,需符合學術格式。 Submission of the final comprehensive report, following academic formatting standards. ------- 學期作業、考試及評量 0)作業繳交原則: a.個人朗讀錄音繳交至「作業區」,b.個人作業文字部份繳交「討論區」。 c.小組討論的文字及錄音或錄影內容上傳到「作業區」,小組討論文字同步上傳「討論區」。 1) 48%。本課程進行十二次的課前小組討論。每一組五人(需含至少二個不同系所),舉一人為組長,組織小組事務,協調討論形式與時間地點。 1.每週個人作業(文本朗讀1分+300字課前心得1分) a.修課學生皆需進行當週文本朗讀作業(中文、英文或者德文版本皆可),將朗讀聲音檔案上傳到e3個人朗讀作業區,取得當週討論分數1分。於每週五晚上11:59分前上傳,否則無法取得1分。 b.撰寫300字以上課前心得,於每週五晚上11:59分前,上傳「討論區」各組之小組討論區下(若尚未開啟,則自己開啟一個新對話串),否則無法取得該週成績1分。 2.小組討論作業(「小組討論紀錄」1分與「小組討論錄音或錄影檔案」1分) 每週小組討論,請同學依據各自的課前心得以及文本內容進行討論,錄音或錄影,並且輪流為小組討論撰寫300字以上的文字紀錄。每位組員輪流紀錄三次以上(若小組不足五人,會超過三次)。組長不須紀錄,但有上傳檔案及紀錄之責任。 請組長將「小組討論紀錄」(須註明討論時間地點與出缺席狀況)與「小組討論錄音或錄影檔案」,於當週課程前一天(周一)上午十二點前,上傳於「作業區」,並且「小組討論紀錄」之文字檔案同步上傳「討論區」,完成後整組取得兩分團體成績,缺件視為未交,遲交一天扣總分一分。各組的初次遲交將不計罰,自該組第二次遲交起,將依規定扣分。 3.缺席小組討論罰則 缺席者無法取得當週的 2 分團體成績。無正式理由缺席達兩次以上者,另加扣學期總分: 第 2 次缺席: 額外扣總分 2 分。 第 3 次缺席: 額外扣總分 4 分。 第 4 次缺席: 額外扣總分 6 分。 第 5 次缺席: 額外扣總分 8 分。 累計達 6 次無故缺席者,學期總成績將評定為不及格。 4.請假須知、個人補救方法與限制 若因婚喪喜慶或醫師證明或不可抗力之理由,請事先告知本課程教師,無法事先告知者,也請於事發三日內來信告知本課程教師。經教師同意者,可改採單獨書寫800字以上心得,於下一週的周二上課前繳交該周心得,心得繳交位置為各自小組的團體討論區的文章串底下,可取得該次團體成績2分。 如因故需請三個禮拜以上小組討論的假,請事先與本課程教師連絡,協調補救辦法。 -- 2) 12%課堂隨堂問答與討論 上課過程中,於第一節或第二節課進行期間,採取隨堂隨機進行問卷調查與分組討論,未能即時完成問卷表單填寫者。每次扣總成績1分。表單未填寫姓名者,視為未出席討論,不提供補救。 3) 12%個人期中回顧,請回顧第一卷內容與個人心得,寫下回顧與討論(1200字以上,2400字以內),於第十週(11月5日)上課前繳交。遲交一日,扣本次單次作業成績10%,自第二日及餘日起,則日扣15%。扣至該項分數扣完為止,扣完分數不再收件。 4) 13%個人期末回顧,請續寫期中心得報告,並回顧第二卷內容與個人心得(1300字以上,2500字以內),於第十六週周五(12月19日)下午五點前繳交。遲交一日,扣本次作業成績10%,自第二日及餘日起,則日扣15%。扣至該項分數扣完為止,扣完分數不再收件。 5) 10% 個人學習心得口頭分享。請在第十六週課堂上,根據書面報告構想,分享自己學習尼采的心得與想法,與同學進行數回合的3到4分鐘的口頭報告。 6) 5% 最終期末報告請於第十七週(12月26日)周五中午十二點前繳交於作業區。繳交格式為「個人期中報告+個人期末報告+每週心得所有文件照順序排列+缺交週次說明(無缺交,可省略此項)」格式不齊者,退件,視為未交。逾時一日,扣總分1分(即扣該項作業分數20%),扣完分數不再收件。 特別注意: 1.個人作業應全數自行撰寫,但若有使用AI工具輔助,必須註明,並且說明自己如何以AI工具輔助自己的書寫,並且作好查證校對工作。 2.團體紀錄部分,可以使用AI輔助,但必須加以編輯與改寫。若語氣過於生硬與機械化,或者有虛偽引用者,經指正者,請限期改正,否則該週團體分數不計分。 3.若發現有AI取代個人思考跡象,代替完成個人完成作業者,視為抄襲嫌疑,經指正一次後,請勿再犯。若再犯者,經查證屬實,該次作業以零分計算,並將學期總成績調降一個等第(例如:由 A- 降為 B+)。情節重大或累犯者,學期總成績將可能被直接評定為不及格。 ---- Course Assignments, Exams, and Grading 0) Submission Guidelines a. Individual audio recordings are to be submitted to the "Assignment" section of the e3 platform. b. Individual written work is to be submitted to the "Discussion Board." c. Group discussion materials (both the written record and the audio/video file) must be uploaded to the "Assignment" section. A copy of the written record must also be posted on the "Discussion Board." 1) Weekly Assignments & Group Discussions (48%) This course includes twelve pre-class group discussions. Each group will consist of five students, with members from at least two different departments. One member will be designated as the group leader to coordinate group activities. a. Weekly Individual Assignments (2 points total per week) Audio Reading (1 point): Each week, all students must record themselves reading the assigned text (in Chinese, English, or German). The audio file must be uploaded to your personal assignment area on the e3 platform by Friday at 11:59 PM. This is a pass/fail assignment; no points will be awarded for late submissions. Pre-class Reflection (1 point): Write a reflection of at least 300 words and post it in your group's discussion thread on the "Discussion Board" by Friday at 11:59 PM. No points will be awarded for late submissions. b. Group Discussion Assignments (2 points total per week) Discussion Record (1 point) & Audio/Video File (1 point): In your weekly meetings, you will discuss the text and each other's reflections. The discussion must be recorded (audio or video). Group members will take turns writing a Discussion Record of at least 300 words. Each member is expected to serve as the recorder at least three times. The group leader is exempt from writing the record but is responsible for submitting all materials. Submission: The group leader must upload both the written Discussion Record (including time, location, and attendance) and the audio/video file to the "Assignment" section by Monday at 12:00 PM (Noon). A copy of the written record must also be posted to the "Discussion Board." Penalties: Incomplete submissions will be considered not submitted. A deduction of 1 point from the final course grade will be applied for each day a submission is late. However, each group is granted a one-time grace period for a late submission without penalty. The penalty will apply starting from the group's second late submission. c. Penalties for Absence from Group Discussion Students absent from a discussion will not receive the 2 group points for that week. For students with two or more unexcused absences, the following additional penalties will be deducted from the final course grade: 2nd Absence: An additional 2-point deduction. 3rd Absence: An additional 4-point deduction. 4th Absence: An additional 6-point deduction. 5th Absence: An additional 8-point deduction. A student who accumulates six or more unexcused absences will fail the course. d. Policy on Leave of Absence In case of excused absences (e.g., family emergencies, illness with a doctor's note, or other force majeure events), please inform the instructor in advance or within three days of the event. With the instructor's approval, a student may complete a make-up assignment by writing an 800-word reflection, to be submitted before the next class on Tuesday. This will allow the student to receive the 2 group points for the missed week. Students who need to request a leave of absence for three or more weeks must contact the instructor in advance to arrange an alternative plan. 2) In-class Q&A and Discussion (12%) During class, there will be random pop quizzes and group discussions. Students who fail to complete the required forms or participate in time will have 1 point deducted from their final course grade for each occurrence. Submissions without a name will be considered non-participation. 3) Midterm Reflection Report (12%) A personal report reviewing and discussing the content of Volume I and your personal reflections. Length: 1,200–2,400 words. Deadline: Before class in Week 10 (Nov 5). Late Penalty: Late submissions will be penalized by a 10% deduction from the assignment's grade for the first day, and an additional 15% deduction per day thereafter. Submissions will not be accepted once the accumulated penalty exceeds the assignment's total score. 4) Final Reflection Report (13%) A continuation of the midterm report, adding reflections on and discussion of the content of Volume II. Length: 1,300–2,500 words. Deadline: Friday, Dec 19, by 5:00 PM. Late Penalty: Late submissions will be penalized by a 10% deduction from the assignment's grade for the first day, and an additional 15% deduction per day thereafter. Submissions will not be accepted once the accumulated penalty exceeds the assignment's total score. 5) Oral Presentation of Learning Reflections (10%) During Week 16, students will give a 3-4 minute oral presentation sharing their insights on Nietzsche, based on their written reports. 6) Final Comprehensive Report (5%) Deadline: Friday, Dec 26, by 12:00 PM (Noon), submitted to the "Assignment" section. Format: A single document compiling the following, in order: Midterm Report, Final Report, all weekly reflections, and a note listing any missed submissions (if applicable). Incomplete formats will be rejected. Late Penalty: Late submissions will be penalized by a deduction of 1 point from the final course grade per day (equivalent to 20% of this assignment's grade). Special Notes AI Usage (Individual Work): All individual work must be written by the student. If AI tools are used for assistance, students must explicitly disclose this and describe how the tool was used. Proper fact-checking and proofreading are required. AI Usage (Group Work): AI tools may be used to assist in drafting group records, but the final text must be edited and rewritten by students. If the language is overly mechanical or contains false citations, the group will be required to revise it, or no points will be awarded for that week. Academic Integrity: Using AI to replace one's own thinking and complete an assignment is considered a form of academic dishonesty. A warning will be issued for the first offense. A second offense will result in a zero for the assignment and a reduction of the final course grade by one letter grade (e.g., from A- to B+). Serious or repeated offenses may result in failing the course.

教科書列表: 參考資料來源(不限以下所列) 尼采(2001)《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》。余鴻榮譯。志文出版社。 ──(2011)《蘇魯支語錄》。徐梵澄譯。商務出版社。 ──(2014) 《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》。錢春綺譯。大家出版社。 ──(2018)《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》。孫周興譯。上海人民出版社。 Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, translated by various scholars. 本課程主要參考文獻 Douglas Burnham(2010). Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra: An Edinburgh Philosophical Guide: An Edinburgh Philosophical Guide. Edinburgh University Press. 繁中譯本 尼采(2018)《瞧,這個人:人如何成其所是》。孫周興譯。大家出版社。Gilles Deleuze(吉爾‧德勒茲)(2018)《尼采》。王紹中譯,時報出版。 John Kaag(2019)《在阿爾卑斯山與尼采相遇》。林志懋譯,商周出版。 Rüdiger Safranski(呂迪格‧薩弗蘭斯基)(2020)《尼采:其人及其思想》。黃添盛譯,商周出版。 簡中譯本 Heinrich Meier(亨利希‧邁爾)(2019)《何為尼采的扎拉圖斯特拉?:一場哲學爭辯》。余明鋒譯。北京:華夏出版社公司。 Gilles Deleuze(吉爾‧德勒茲) (2016)《尼采與哲學》。周穎、劉玉宇譯。河南大學出版社。 Laurence Lampert (朗佩特)(2013)《尼采的教誨──扎拉圖特拉如是說》。婁林譯。華東師範大學出版社。譯自Lampert(1986)Nietzsche's teaching: an interpretation of Thus spoke Zarathustra. Yale University Press. 英文譯本 Friedrich Nietzsche(2007) Ecce Homo: How To Become What You Are. Trans by Duncan Large. Oxford University Press.Laurence Lampert (2018) What a Philosopher Is : Becoming Nietzsche. University of Chicago Press Leo Strauss(2017)Leo Strauss on Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra. Edited by Richard L. Velkley. University of Chicago Press, 2017.

地點

事先約定 appointment before class sessions.

時間

課前約定,可排一小時晤談 One-hour consultations can be arranged by appointment before class sessions.

聯絡方式

安勤之老師 anccc@nycu.edu.tw