圖靈獎歷史
Viewing Computer History Through the Early Turing Award Winners
學期
114-1
學分
3
學分
當期課號
561086
永久課號
GECG10027
開課單位
人文科學中心
授課教師
林一平
校區
光復
類別
核心
上課時間表
| 節 | 週三 |
|---|---|
5 13:20–14:10 | 圖靈獎歷史 A202 3 節連堂 |
6 14:20–15:10 | |
7 15:30–16:20 |
* 根據陽明交大上課時間表所列
概述
學生學習計算機概論時往往知其然而不知其所以然。本課程敘述1965年到1999年間圖靈獎得主的遠見給學生宏觀的計算機歷史觀,希望學生能知其然亦知其所以然。 ACM A. M. Turing Award是由計算機機學會(Association for Computing Machinery,ACM)每年頒發的獎項,表彰對計算機科學有持久和重大技術貢獻的個人。通常被公認為計算機科學中的最高榮譽,經常被稱為“計算機界的諾貝爾獎”。該獎項以圖靈(Alan Turing)的名字命名。圖靈通常被認為是理論計算機科學和人工智能的關鍵奠基人。
先修科目
計算機概論
教學方式
課程敘述1965年到1999年間圖靈獎得主的遠見給學生宏觀的計算機歷史觀,希望學生能知其然亦知其所以然。
評分方式
課堂心得400字 50% 期末報告400字 50%
週次計畫
| 週次 | 主題 |
|---|---|
| 第 1 週 | Alan Perlis, For his influence in the area of advanced computer programming techniques and compiler construction. Stephen Cook, For his advancement of our understanding of the complexity of computation in a significant and profound way. |
| 第 2 週 | Maurice Wilkes, Wilkes is best known as the builder and designer of the EDSAC, the second computer with an internally stored program. Built in 1949, the EDSAC used a mercury delay line memory. He is also known as the author, with Wheeler and Gill, of a volume on "Preparation of Programs for Electronic Digital Computers" in 1951, in which program libraries were effectively introduced. Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie For their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the UNIX operating system. |
| 第 3 週 | Richard Hamming, For his work on numerical methods, automatic coding systems, and error-detecting and error-correcting codes. Niklaus Wirth For developing a sequence of innovative computer languages, EULER, ALGOL-W, Pascal, MODULA and Oberon |
| 第 4 週 | Marvin Minsky, For his central role in creating, shaping, promoting, and advancing the field of artificial intelligence. Richard M. Karp For his continuing contributions to the theory of algorithms including the development of efficient algorithms for network flow and other combinatorial optimization problems, the identification of polynomial-time computability with the intuitive notion of algorithmic efficiency, and, most notably, contributions to the theory of NP-completeness. |
| 第 5 週 | James H. Wilkinson, For his research in numerical analysis to facilitate the use of the high-speed digital computer, having received special recognition for his work in computations in linear algebra and "backward" error analysis. John Hopcroft, Robert TarjanFor fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithms and data structures. |
| 第 6 週 | John McCarthy, McCarthy's lecture "The Present State of Research on Artificial Intelligence" is a topic that covers the area in which he has achieved considerable recognition for his work. John Cocke For significant contributions in the design and theory of compilers, the architecture of large systems and the development of reduced instruction set computers (RISC). |
| 第 7 週 | Edsger W. Dijkstra, Edsger Dijkstra was a principal contributor in the late 1950s to the development of the ALGOL, a high level programming language which has become a model of clarity and mathematical rigor. He is one of the principal proponents of the science and art of programming languages in general, and has greatly contributed to our understanding of their structure, representation, and implementation. His fifteen years of publications extend from theoretical articles on graph theory to basic manuals, expository texts, and philosophical contemplations in the field of programming languages. Ivan Sutherland For his pioneering and visionary contributions to computer graphics, starting with Sketchpad, and continuing after |
| 第 8 週 | Charles Bachman, Edsger Dijkstra was a principal contributor in the late 1950s to the development of the ALGOL, a high level programming language which has become a model of clarity and mathematical rigor. He is one of the principal proponents of the science and art of programming languages in general, and has greatly contributed to our understanding of their structure, representation, and implementation. His fifteen years of publications extend from theoretical articles on graph theory to basic manuals, expository texts, and philosophical contemplations in the field of programming languages. William Kahan For his fundamental contributions to numerical analysis. One of the foremost experts on floating-point computations. Kahan has dedicated himself to "making the world safe for numerical computations." |
| 第 9 週 | Donald Knuth, For his major contributions to the analysis of algorithms and the design of programming languages, and in particular for his contributions to "The Art of Computer Programming" through his well-known books in a continuous series by this title. Fernando J. Corbató For his pioneering work organizing the concepts and leading the development of the general-purpose, large-scale, time-sharing and resource-sharing computer systems, CTSS and Multics. |
| 第 10 週 | Allen Newell, Herbert A. Simon In joint scientific efforts extending over twenty years, initially in collaboration with J. C. Shaw at the RAND Corporation, and subsequently with numerous faculty and student colleagues at Carnegie Mellon University, they have made basic contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition, and list processing. |
| 第 11 週 | Michael O. Rabin, Dana Scott, For their joint paper "Finite Automata and Their Decision Problem",[20] which introduced the idea of nondeterministic machines, a continuous source of inspiration for subsequent work in this field. |
| 第 12 週 | John Backus, For profound, influential, and lasting contributions to the design of practical high-level programming systems, notably through his work on FORTRAN, and for seminal publication of formal procedures for the specification of programming languages. Robin Milner For three distinct and complete achievements: 1) LCF, the mechanization of Scott's Logic of Computable Functions, probably the first theoretically based yet practical tool for machine assisted proof construction; 2) ML, the first language to include polymorphic type inference together with a type-safe exception-handling mechanism; 3) CCS, a general theory of concurrency. In addition, he formulated and strongly advanced full abstraction, the study of the relationship between operational and denotational semantics. |
| 第 13 週 | Robert W. Floyd, For having a clear influence on methodologies for the creation of efficient and reliable software, and for helping to found the following important subfields of computer science: the theory of parsing, the semantics of programming languages, automatic program verification, automatic program synthesis, and analysis of algorithms. Butler Lampson For contributions to the development of distributed, personal computing environments and the technology for their implementation: workstations, networks, operating systems, programming systems, displays, security and document publishing. |
| 第 14 週 | Kenneth E. Iverson, For his pioneering effort in programming languages and mathematical notation resulting in what the computing field now knows as APL, for his contributions to the implementation of interactive systems, to educational uses of APL, and to programming language theory and practice. Juris Hartmanis, Richard E. Stearns In recognition of their seminal paper which established the foundations for the field of computational complexity theory. |
| 第 15 週 | Tony Hoare, For his fundamental contributions to the definition and design of programming languages. Edward Feigenbaum, Raj Reddy For pioneering the design and construction of large scale artificial intelligence systems, demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial impact of artificial intelligence technology. |
| 第 16 週 | Edgar F. Codd, For his advancement of our understanding of the complexity of computation in a significant and profound way. Manuel Blum In recognition of his contributions to the foundations of computational complexity theory and its application to cryptography and program checking. |
教科書
林一平,機器思維專欄,科學人雜誌
Office Hours
- 地點
- 光復校區工程三館420室
- 時間
- 星期三 15:30-17:30
- 聯絡方式
- liny@cs.nycu.edu.tw